Determining elevations above mean SEA-level - My favorites quotes from the famous Bowditch

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"Vertical surveying is the process of determining elevations above mean SEA-level. In geodetic surveys executed primarily for mapping, geodetic positions are referred to an ellipsoid, and the elevations of the positions are referred to the geoid. However, for satellite geodesy the geoidal heights must be considered to establish the correct height above the geoid."

CHAPTER 2. GEODESY AND DATUMS IN NAVIGATION

BOWDITCH

THE AMERICAN PRACTICAL NAVIGATOR

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